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Understanding your gas or electricity bill

Gas and electricity bills from different suppliers

It’s worth taking the time to understand your bills, as this is a good way to take control of your energy use and start saving money.

Last updated: October 2023

To understand your gas or electricity bill, there are three things you should check for:

How you might receive your gas and electricity bills

The type of document you receive will depend on how you pay for your gas or electricity. This will be either a demand for payment (if you pay when you get a bill) or a statement of what you’ve already paid (by direct debit or pay-as-you-go).

If you pay when you get a bill, you will receive your bill every quarter, or possibly every month. You will be told how often you will get bills when you sign up for the tariff. The bill will state the amount that you owe, minus any payments already made.

The bill will also show when the payment is due and how the amount was calculated. You can then then pay the bill in one payment or in instalments, or can set up a quarterly direct debit.

If you pay by monthly direct debit or pay-as-you-go, you will receive a statement every 3, 6 or 12 months. This will show the current balance of the account and is not a request for payment. Your account should normally be in credit as a direct debit pays for your gas and electricity up front. Because you’ll use more energy in winter, by the spring your account will probably show a small debit (money owed) which will become a credit by the end of the summer.

If you’ve overpaid or underpaid in the past, suppliers will often lower or raise your direct debit to compensate, so it may not reflect how much energy you actually use. If your statement shows a significant credit or debit, submit a meter reading and ask your supplier to reassess your direct debit – the sooner you do this the better. You can ask for any excess credit to be refunded.

A breakdown of a typical energy bill

1 Account or customer number. This is unique to you, and you’ll need it when you contact your supplier.

2 Bill date and bill period. The bill date is when the bill or statement was sent out. The bill period is the date range that the bill or statement relates to.

3 Balance on last statement. This shows the balance carried over from the last bill or statement you received. It should match the account balance on the last bill or statement you received.

4 Payments received. This records the payments you’ve made since the last bill or statement. If it’s a bill, your payment(s) to pay off the last bill should be recorded here. If it’s a statement, you should see all your monthly direct debits or your top ups. Contact your supplier if any of these payments are.

5 Previous Account Balance. This is the outstanding balance from the last bill or statement less any payments made since. On a bill this figure will be £0.00 if you have paid off your previous bill. On a direct debit statement this figure should be a considerable credit of all of payments received.

6 Charges for this period (including VAT). This records the total costs incurred of all the gas and/or electricity used within this billing period. To see more about how this is calculated see sections 13-15 below.

7 Your new account balance. This is what you owe, or are owed, in total. It’s a combination of the charges for this period plus the balance from the previous period, taking account of all of payments received.  

8 What do I pay? This is how much you pay currently if you are paying by direct debit, or how much you owe if it’s a bill. It may be more or less than your average monthly usage to account for previous over or under payment.

9 Personal projection. This is a prediction of how much your gas and/or electricity will cost over the next year.

10 Cheaper tariffs. Your bill or statement must show whether there is a cheaper tariff you could switch to with your current supplier. Their customer service team can usually also advise if there is a better tariff for you. Your supplier normally only displays cheaper tariffs they offer, but another supplier might be much cheaper.
 
11 About your tariff. The ‘about your tariff’ box contains all the information needed to compare your tariff against the market including

12 Meter readings. If you have an estimated read, your bill or statement will generally say ‘estimated’ or ‘e’ next to the reading. If it says ‘c’ or ‘a’ then it’s a ‘customer supplied’ or ‘actual’ reading. You should provide an accurate reading every month if possible, especially if you’ve recently moved in or changed supplier.

13 Unit rate. This is the price you pay per unit of gas or electricity. Units are measured in kilowatt hours (kWh) on your bill. Electricity unit rates are either single unit rate or a dual rate, which provides two meter readings and is usually called  Economy 7. If you are on Economy 7 and use less than a third of your electricity at night, you’d probably be better off on a single-rate tariff. Gas meters measure in units of 100s of cubic feet (hcf) or cubic meters (m3), but gas is sold in kilowatt hours (kWh). The conversion calculation is displayed on your bill. The example bill above shows a calculation for a metric meter. You can convert from hcf to m3 by multiplying by 2.83.

14 Standing charge. This is the charge you pay per day, regardless of how much gas and/or electricity you use. Some suppliers reduce it if you pay by direct debit.

15 VAT. The VAT charged on electricity and gas for domestic use is 5%. If the VAT rate on your bill is higher than this, then you are being charged a commercial rate and should contact your supplier immediately.

16 Meter point reference number (MPRN) and Meter Point Administration Number (MPAN). These are your unique supply numbers, MPRN or ‘S number’ for electricity and ‘MPAN’ for gas. By law they must appear on your bill but are not usually printed on your meter. When you switch supplier, it helps to provide these numbers.


If you’re struggling to pay your bills …

If your bills are becoming unaffordable, contact your energy supplier as soon as possible. We’ve got advice on what to do here. Your supplier can set up a manageable payment plan to help you. Don’t just ignore your energy suppliers request for payments.

If you’re juggling several different debts, speak to a specialist debt advice service before agreeing any further payment plans.


Paperless billing

Some suppliers offer a discount to customers who manage their bills online and stop receiving paper bills in the post (though this hasn’t been available while the government’s energy support programme has been in force). Online accounts provide greater awareness of your gas or electricity usage and balance and allow you to see bills, provide meter readings and sometimes even switch tariff. 

But for many people this change means they’re less likely to look at their bills than if it arrived through the post, which may end up causing problems

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